Trump celebrated the development with a characteristically brief announcement on Truth Social:
“HISTORIC agreement for the COMPLETE DISARMAMENT.”
The significance of the announcement goes far beyond another temporary ceasefire or hostage negotiation.
If implemented, the 15-point framework would establish a process for stripping Hamas and other Gaza factions of their weapons while transferring security and civilian responsibilities to new authorities.
Hamas Agrees to Disarmament Roadmap
Senior Hamas official Bassem Naim publicly acknowledged the agreement, writing on X that the organization “agreed to the roadmap.”
That is a dramatic change from Hamas’s previous position.
The organization has long treated its weapons as nonnegotiable, resisting demands that it surrender the military capabilities it spent years building inside Gaza.
Under the new framework, the disarmament process would occur in stages rather than overnight.
Police weapons would be addressed first, followed by heavier arms.
The plan also targets the military infrastructure that allowed Hamas to wage war against Israel, including tunnels and rocket-launching capabilities.
Heavy weapons would be surrendered according to a timeline extending roughly three months.
The agreement on paper is one thing.
Getting Hamas to carry it out could be considerably harder.
Trump’s Board of Peace Takes Center Stage
The breakthrough is being credited to Trump’s Board of Peace, which has played a central role in negotiations surrounding Gaza.
Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey participated as mediators.
Nickolay Mladenov, the Board’s high representative for Gaza, described the negotiations as “months of very difficult” work.
One particularly important feature of the arrangement is that compliance is not supposed to depend simply on the promises of either side.
A Board of Peace official reportedly described the framework as operating on “zero trust.”
In practice, that means implementation is supposed to be verified before subsequent steps are taken.
International monitors would determine whether agreed obligations have actually been fulfilled rather than relying solely on declarations from Hamas or Israel.
That structure could prove essential.
The Israeli government has repeatedly accused Hamas of violating or manipulating previous agreements, while Hamas has routinely accused Israel of failing to honor its own commitments.
The new framework attempts to prevent either side from moving forward based merely on assurances from the other.
Hamas Is Already Attaching Conditions
There are also immediate warning signs.
Senior Hamas negotiator Ghazi Hamad has indicated that Hamas will not carry out its obligations unless Israel first complies with its side of the arrangement.
That creates an obvious potential obstacle.
Hamas could claim an Israeli violation and use the dispute to delay surrendering weapons.
Israel, meanwhile, has yet to provide the same level of public endorsement of the roadmap described by Hamas and Trump.
That makes the next phase critical.
Signing or accepting a framework is substantially easier than dismantling an armed organization that has spent decades constructing tunnels, stockpiling weapons, developing rockets, and embedding military operations throughout Gaza.
The ultimate test will therefore be physical verification.
Disarmament Would Fundamentally Change Gaza
If the agreement succeeds, Gaza could look dramatically different.
An International Verification Committee would be responsible for certifying progress as the parties move through the framework.
Israeli withdrawal would be connected to verified Hamas disarmament rather than occurring independently of it.
Civilian administration would eventually move toward the National Committee for the Administration of Gaza, while an International Stabilization Force would assume security responsibilities as Israeli troops withdraw.
Such an arrangement would strike directly at the question Israel has raised since the October 7 attacks: Who controls Gaza after Hamas?
Simply ending Israeli military operations without eliminating Hamas’s ability to rearm could leave the territory vulnerable to another cycle of warfare.
A verified disarmament process would attempt to prevent that outcome.
Trump’s Deal Now Faces Its Biggest Test
Supporters of Trump are likely to point to the agreement as evidence that his administration has achieved something previous diplomatic efforts failed to secure: Hamas formally accepting a process aimed at eliminating its armed capabilities.
But enormous uncertainty remains.
Israeli officials and other skeptics have good reason to question whether Hamas will actually surrender the weapons that have been central to its power for decades.
A signature does not destroy a rocket.
A diplomatic statement does not close a tunnel.
And a roadmap does not become reality until inspectors can verify that weapons are actually being surrendered.
That is why the coming weeks will matter more than the announcement itself.
Trump can now point to an agreement demanding complete disarmament.
Hamas has acknowledged the roadmap.
The machinery for international verification is being put into place.
What happens next will determine whether this becomes another Middle East agreement that collapses under mutual accusations—or the moment Hamas finally begins surrendering the military arsenal that made it Gaza’s dominant armed force.
